(a) Radioactive wastes
Radioactive wastes consisting of materials that are radioactive and for which there is no such practical use. These are produced by nuclear reactors, nuclear fall-out, manufactured, natural radioactive wastes, and release of radiation therapy. An increased risk of cancer, birth defects, and infertility are few adverse effects caused by nuclear wastes. Thus, nuclear waste is an extremely vigorous pollutant.
(b) Defunct ships and e-wastes
Defunct ship dismantle is a technically complex process, which is harmful to both the environment and human health. Defunct ships include toxicants such as asbestos, mercury, etc. The workers are exposed to toxic chemicals. In the vicinity of the ship-breaking yard, the coastal area has also become polluted. It is accepted at the international level that there is uncertainty about the suitable controls for the dismantling of the vessels and there is an essential need to establish a specific enforceable control framework. Electrowater-level Groundwaternic wastes that are irreparable computers and other electronic goods are generated by developed countries., If treated properly, It is an important source of secondary raw materials however it is the major source of toxins if not treated properly. Thus, recycling is the only solution left for the treatment of e-wastes provided it is carried out in an environmentally friendly manner.
(c) Municipal solid wastes
It consists of daily items such as product packaging, furniture, clothing, bottles, batteries, etc. Source reduction, recycling, and Composting are several municipal social waste management practices. Source reduction involves altering the design, manufacture, or use of products and materials. To reduce the toxicity, the level of groundwater has to be maintained. Recycling diverts items such as paper, glass, plastic, and metals into new products. Composting decomposes organic waste like food scraps and yard trimmings with microorganisms, thus producing a humus-like substance.