A population is a collection of individuals of the same species living in a specific geographical area at a specific time and acting as a single unit. The population of people, for example, is made up of all human beings living in a specific location at a specific moment. A population's three most significant qualities are:
(a) Birth rate (Natality): This is the ratio of live births to total births in a given year. It is calculated as the number of people added to the population divided by the number of people in the population.
(b) Death rate (Mortality): This is the ratio of deaths per 100,000 people in a certain location. It's measured in terms of the number of people who have died as a result of the disease.
(c) Age distribution: This is the proportion of people of various ages in a given population. This is the percentage of people in a population who are different ages. At any given time, a population is made up of people of varying ages. Age pyramids are a frequent representation of the age distribution pattern